The Military Rights subseries (4.62 linear feet) is comprised of materials relating to the draft, conscientious objection to war, military service, and the United States' participation in wars. The files relating to the Vietnam War are most extensive for the years 1966 to 1970.

This subseries (11.76 linear feet) consists of correspondence, newspaper clippings, and press releases regarding various bills and acts that interested the ACLU. The material is organized chronologically by year, under federal or state legislature headings, and is then arranged alphabetically with folder titles describing the issue, or bill in question.

This subseries (0.84 linear feet) documents the ACLU's opposition to the U.S. government relocation of Japanese-Americans living in the western United States to internment camps in the name of national security during World War II. Most Japanese-Americans lost their homes, possessions and in some cases their citizenship. This subseries consists almost entirely of correspondence and court papers documenting individual cases. Issues of concern include citizenship rights, property and land laws, deportations, renunciation cases, education and racism. Please consult the ACLU finding aid, 1917-1950 ("The Baldwin Years") to locate earlier ACLU materials pertaining to the Japanese-American internment.

The Mental Health subseries (4.2 linear feet) contains files related to the legal rights of the mentally ill, general mental health issues, and the treatment of patients in mental hospitals. The bulk of the collection is comprised of individual case materials in which patients corresponded with ACLU staff seeking help in obtaining their release from mental hospitals. The ACLU legal staff evaluated cases to determine if any patients suffered civil liberties violations.

The Right to Privacy subseries (2.1 linear feet) contains correspondence, briefs, reports, printed material, and clippings. The headings reflect the issues these documents address: alcohol, data collection, drugs, medical rights, sexual privacy, and smoking. The ACLU fought for the right of doctors to hold a medical license regardless of political views, the relaxation of restrictions on marijuana, against government and private sector invasion of privacy through data collection, and against sanctions on private consensual sexual activity between adults. The miscellaneous heading contains many files on water fluoridation. For materials on reproductive freedom, consult the Women's Rights subseries.