The collection consists of correspondence, documents, and printed material relating to Elias Boudinot and the Boudinot family, collected by Langdon K. Thorne. Much of Boudinot's correspondence is addressed to his wife, Hannah, sister of Richard Stockton, while he is traveling with the Continental Army as commissary-general of prisoners (1777-1778); other letters deal more directly with his prisoners-of-war work, and there are many to his brother Elisha, covering (1777-1819) the whole range of Boudinot's public service: New Jersey member of the Continental Congress (1781-1783), president of that body (1782-1783), member of the National House of Representatives (1789-1795), director of the U.S. Mint (1795-1805), and founding member and first president of the American Bible Society (1816).

In addition, there are Boudinot's personal copy of a broadside of resolutions (1776-1777) relating to the Commissary of Prisoners Department and a copy of his proclamation (24 June 1783) as president of Congress moving it to Princeton. Among papers of others in the collection are Loyalist surgeon Uzal Johnson's journal (5 March 1780 to 6 March 1781), including accounts of the battle of King's Mountain and other military movements in and around Charleston, South Carolina, while serving under General Patterson in the 71st Regiment of Light Infantry, and a bound volume of recipes belonging to Mrs. C. Boudinot.