Contents and Arrangement
Online

Photographs of Indigenous Peoples Fishing in Washington and Oregon, 1940s-1970

1 folder

Collection Overview

Collection Description & Creator Information

Content Description

Silver print photographs, created for news articles and photo essays, that document tribal fishing sites and practices in and around Washington and Oregon. Focus on Celilo Falls shortly before The Dalles Dam obliterated the sacred fishing grounds and the tide pools of La Push on the Quillayute River. Most with photographer's credit, date stamp, and affixed caption on verso. Many of the images were taken for The Seattle Times by local photographers Roy Wolfe, Josef Scaylea, and R. B. Kolsbun. Other credited photographers include Ruth Kirk, Vic Condiotty, Dell Mulkey, Bob and Ira Spring, Larry Dion, and John W. Thompson.

Several photos show white water fishing at Celilo Falls on the edges of wooden scaffolds built off of the rock walls and the aerial cars used to transport the catch. Also included are several photographs of the smelt fishing in La Push. On the banks of the Quillayute River, Kalalock fisherman wait to net silver smelt, looking out for the seagulls to signal an approaching school. Commercial fishing boats and reef netting was a major source of food and income for local tribes. Silver smelt, a species unique to the area, are seen being pulled out of the water by the dozen, packed in fine sands, and shipped by trucks. They are also shown being dried for the winter and the excess sold.

One image shows men watching others fish from a safe distance on the rocky face of the falls. Another shows the women who stay back to prepare the fish for drying and smoking in the canvas huts. Children also participate: a young Klickitat girl is pictured with two sockeyes that run the length of her entire torso strapped to her back and in a similar photo, a young boy holds two 30 pound salmon by his waist. A number of prominent tribal members are depicted in the photographs such as former Quilayute Chief Charles Howeattle, Chief Alex Saluskin, Oscar Ough of the Yakima Agency, and Frank Sohappy. One photograph shows activist Janet McCloud at her typewriter, holding her daughter in one arm and protest letters in the other.

Dip-net fishing in the Columbia River Gorge was a source of income for the local community. One affixed news article from The Seattle Times describes it as one of the area's "greatest tourist attractions," evidenced by motorists pictured purchasing fish on the side of the road.

Arrangement

Photographs are arranged in the order in which they were received.

Collection History

Acquisition:

Purchased from Daniel/Oliver Gallery in March 2023 (AM 2025-008).

Appraisal

No material was separated during processing.

Processing Information

Items processed and described by Lauren C. Williams in August 2024, using description provided by the dealer.

Access & Use

Conditions Governing Access

The collection is open for research.

Conditions Governing Use

Single copies may be made for research purposes. To cite or publish quotations that fall within Fair Use, as defined under U. S. Copyright Law, no permission is required. For instances beyond Fair Use, it is the responsibility of the researcher to determine whether any permissions related to copyright, privacy, publicity, or any other rights are necessary for their intended use of the Library's materials, and to obtain all required permissions from any existing rights holders, if they have not already done so. Princeton University Library's Special Collections does not charge any permission or use fees for the publication of images of materials from our collections, nor does it require researchers to obtain its permission for said use. The department does request that its collections be properly cited and images credited. More detailed information can be found on the Copyright, Credit and Citations Guidelines page on our website. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us through the Ask Us! form.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

For preservation reasons, original analog and digital media may not be read or played back in the reading room. Users may visually inspect physical media but may not remove it from its enclosure. All analog audiovisual media must be digitized to preservation-quality standards prior to use. Audiovisual digitization requests are processed by an approved third-party vendor. Please note, the transfer time required can be as little as several weeks to as long as several months and there may be financial costs associated with the process. Requests should be directed through the Ask Us Form.

Credit this material:

Photographs of Indigenous Peoples Fishing in Washington and Oregon; Princeton University Library Single Item Acquisitions, C1771, Manuscripts Division, Department of Special Collections, Princeton University Library

Location:
Firestone Library
One Washington Road
Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
(609) 258-3184
Storage Note:
  • Firestone Library (mss): Box B-002091