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Collection Overview

Creator:
Faure family and Fore family
Title:
Faure Family Coffee Plantation Correspondence and Inventory
Repository:
Manuscripts Division
Permanent URL:
http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/v405sd44s
Dates:
1761-1770
Size:
1 box and 0.2 linear feet
Storage Note:
  • Firestone Library (scamss): Box B-001074
Language:
French

Abstract

Consists of ten letters and an inventory related to a coffee plantation owned by François Faure in the Dondon parish of Saint-Domingue, a French colony on the portion of the island of Hispaniola (Taíno: Haiti) that became the Republic of Haiti in 1804. The collection documents the plantation's operations under the management of Faure's nephew Pierre Faure and a Monsieur M. Fauquet during Faure's absence in the 1760s. The materials in this collection provide a detailed account of the operations of a large colonial coffee plantation in the mid-18th century; they also contain evidence of the practice of marronage and other tactics of resistance to slavery in pre-revolutionary Haiti.

Collection Description & Creator Information

Scope and Contents

Consists of correspondence and an inventory related to a coffee plantation owned by François Faure in the Dondon parish of Saint-Domingue, a French colony on the portion of the island of Hispaniola (Taíno: Haiti) that became the Republic of Haiti in 1804. The collection documents the plantation's operations under the management of Faure's nephew Pierre Faure and a Monsieur M. Fauquet during Faure's absence in the 1760s. Correspondence consists of ten letters from Pierre Faure and M. Fauquet to François Faure in France (including one letter addressed to his son-in-law Valentin Loiseau) containing updates about the status of the estate. The letters are accompanied by a meticulous 10-page inventory conducted in 1763, which lists enslaved laborers, crops, furniture, equipment, buildings, and livestock on the estate. The materials in this collection provide a detailed account of the operations of a large colonial coffee plantation in the mid-18th century; they also contain evidence of the practice of marronage and other tactics of resistance to slavery in pre-revolutionary Haiti.

The multi-paged letters from Faure and Fauquet discuss the cultivation and production of coffee; planning and accounting related to supplies, equipment, and the maintenance of buildings; animal husbandry; and the management of enslaved laborers. They report on coffee crop yields, inventories taken of the estate, buildings in disrepair, deaths of people and animals from illness, the births and pregnancies of enslaved women, and resistance from the enslaved inhabitants of the estate. Racial tensions and burgeoning revolutionary sentiments in Saint-Domingue can be seen in the descriptions of slavery and enslaved people on the Faure plantation. The correspondence and inventory both note various instances of self-liberation and include the names of enslaved persons who escaped, likely to join the maroon communities that were prevalent in pre-revolutionary Haiti. In one early letter, Pierre Faure refutes accusations that he had sexual relations with an enslaved woman named Margot and recounts how, as a result, enslaved men on the plantation watched him at night in order to protect Margot from his advances. Another letter briefly mentions a rebellion of enslaved laborers in 1765. By the mid- and late-1760s, Faure and Fauquet regularly complain in their letters about the need for additional enslaved laborers, after many had died, become ill, or escaped from the plantation.

Collection Creator Biography:

François Faure was a French-born colonist and coffee plantation owner in the Dondon parish of Saint-Domingue (Haiti). Faure was born around 1710 in Tours, France, and married Marie-Marguerite Lejeune Faure (born circa 1720). By the 1760s, François Faure had returned to France and left the plantation under the care of his nephew Pierre Faure and others. François and Marie-Marguerite Lejeune Faure's daughter, Marie-Elisabeth Faure, was born around 1740 in Dondon, Saint-Domingue, and married Valentin Loiseau (1727-1788) in 1764. Loiseau was the Lieutenant-General of Police in Tours and became a magistrate judge in 1787. Marie-Valentine Loiseau, the daughter of Marie-Elisabeth Faure and Valentin Loiseau, married French politician Prudent-Jean Bruley (1759-1847). She and her husband inherited portions of the family property in Saint-Domingue and were absentee plantation owners leading up to Haitian Revolution. The Faure and Loiseau families, as well as the related Trémais family, lost their property holdings in Dondon following the successful self-liberation and insurrection of enslaved laborers on their estates in the early 1790s.

Collection History

Acquisition:

Purchase, 2017 (AM 2018-17).

Appraisal

No materials were separated during 2017 processing.

Processing Information

This collection was processed by Kelly Bolding in September 2017. Finding aid written by Kelly Bolding in September 2017.

Access & Use

Conditions Governing Access

Open for research.

Conditions Governing Use

Single copies may be made for research purposes. To cite or publish quotations that fall within Fair Use, as defined under U. S. Copyright Law, no permission is required. For instances beyond Fair Use, it is the responsibility of the researcher to determine whether any permissions related to copyright, privacy, publicity, or any other rights are necessary for their intended use of the Library's materials, and to obtain all required permissions from any existing rights holders, if they have not already done so. Princeton University Library's Special Collections does not charge any permission or use fees for the publication of images of materials from our collections, nor does it require researchers to obtain its permission for said use. The department does request that its collections be properly cited and images credited. More detailed information can be found on the Copyright, Credit and Citations Guidelines page on our website. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us through the Ask Us! form.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

For preservation reasons, original analog and digital media may not be read or played back in the reading room. Users may visually inspect physical media but may not remove it from its enclosure. All analog audiovisual media must be digitized to preservation-quality standards prior to use. Audiovisual digitization requests are processed by an approved third-party vendor. Please note, the transfer time required can be as little as several weeks to as long as several months and there may be financial costs associated with the process. Requests should be directed through the Ask Us Form.

Credit this material:

Faure Family Coffee Plantation Correspondence and Inventory; Manuscripts Division, Department of Special Collections, Princeton University Library

Permanent URL:
http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/v405sd44s
Location:
Firestone Library
One Washington Road
Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
(609) 258-3184
Storage Note:
  • Firestone Library (scamss): Box B-001074

Find More

Bibliography

Sources consulted in the creation of this finding aid include: Bulletin de la Société archéologique de Touraine, Volume 34 (1966). Retrieved from http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6551244z Force, Pierre. Wealth and Disaster: Atlantic Migrations From a Pyrenean Town in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016. Leveel, Pierre. Histoire de Touraine et d'Indre-et-Loire. Chambray-lès-Tours: C.L.D., 1988. Zinna, Alison. "Haitian Marronnage: Voyages and Resistance." Retrieved from https://sites.duke.edu/marronnagevoyages/

Subject Terms:
Coffee plantations -- Haiti -- History. -- 18th century -- Sources
Colonists -- Haiti -- History. -- 18th century -- Sources
Enslaved persons -- Emancipation -- Haiti. -- 18th century -- Sources
Fugitive slaves -- Haiti -- History. -- 18th century -- Sources
Maroons -- Haiti -- History. -- 18th century -- Sources
Plantation owners -- Haiti -- History. -- 18th century -- Sources
Slaveholders -- West Indies, French -- History. -- 18th century -- Sources
Slavery -- West Indies, French -- History. -- 18th century -- Sources
Genre Terms:
Correspondence -- 18th century
Inventories. -- 18th century
Places:
France -- Colonies -- America -- Race relations. -- 18th century -- Sources
Haiti -- History -- To 1791. -- Sources